The challenge was to assess the readiness of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to implement the Fourth Industrial Generation (4IR) and conduct a detailed analysis of Kuwait’s industrial landscape, identifying gaps and providing a 20-year demand projection. PFC partnered with GOIC to conduct a comprehensive study, providing policy recommendations for Saudi Arabia’s 4IR implementation. Simultaneously, PFC performed a detailed analysis of Kuwait’s industrial landscape, offering technical and financial assessments, providing strategic recommendations for the industrial area and waste management plans, and discussing the merits of public-private versus public financing for the industry.